Faith-Based Tips for Conscious Spending That Honors God

Introduction: Unearthing Value and Virtue in Secondhand Shopping

In a contemporary world that relentlessly tempts individuals with the allure of “more,” discovering tranquility and purpose in financial matters can often feel like an arduous endeavor. Many find themselves contemplating the destination of their earnings, experiencing a palpable disconnect between their financial habits and their most profound values. This pervasive uncertainty underscores the need for a more deliberate approach to personal finance. That’s where faith-based tips for conscious spending that honors God can make all the difference.

The economic scale of this phenomenon is equally striking. The U.S. secondhand market alone generated an estimated $53 billion in revenue in 2023, with projections indicating a rise to $73 billion by 2028. This growth trajectory represents a remarkable 117% expansion since 2018, with online resale experiencing an even more explosive 550% growth during the same period.² Looking further ahead, the overall recommerce market is anticipated to expand by 55% over the next 45 years, potentially reaching $291.6 billion, with resale transactions expected to constitute 8% of the total retail market by 2030.³ These statistics collectively underscore that secondhand shopping is no longer a fringe activity but a powerful, growing economic force, deeply integrated into mainstream consumer behavior. Its rapid expansion and increasing acceptance highlight its enduring relevance and significant potential.

While the allure of saving money has historically been a core driver for consumers, the modern secondhand experience offers a much broader spectrum of benefits, including a profound sense of joy and fulfillment that extends beyond mere financial gain. Data consistently shows that cost savings remain a primary motivator, with 62% of consumers citing it as their top reason for shopping secondhand.¹ Other reports indicate this figure could be as high as 85%.² However, the perception of secondhand shopping has evolved considerably. It is increasingly viewed as an enjoyable and personally fulfilling endeavor. A notable 53% of shoppers now consider resale a fun hobby, and 58% report finding the experience more enjoyable than purchasing new items. The emotional rewards are substantial, with 66% of respondents reporting feelings of satisfaction, 61% excitement, and 50% pure joy.³ This demonstrates that the initial financial motivation has paved the way for widespread acceptance and even admiration for secondhand shopping. As the stigma associated with pre-owned items diminishes, the non-financial, emotional benefits have become more prominent, transforming it from a simple budget hack into a genuinely enjoyable and fulfilling pursuit. This shift suggests that secondhand shopping is no longer confined to those who

must save money but is increasingly embraced by those who choose a more conscious, fulfilling, and socially acceptable lifestyle.

For individuals seeking to align their financial decisions with their faith, particularly within a Christian framework, this trend presents a unique opportunity. It allows for the integration of wise financial practices with deeply held values of stewardship, contentment, and care for creation.

Part 1: The Savvy Steward's Secret – Unlocking Financial Savings

The sheer scale and projected growth of the secondhand market firmly establish it as a significant avenue for achieving substantial financial savings. Total resale volumes were forecasted to reach an impressive $108.64 billion in 2024, demonstrating the market's robust economic activity.¹ In the United States, the secondhand market generated an estimated $53 billion in revenue in 2023, with resale alone accounting for $26 billion, or 52% of this total. This market is projected to expand further, reaching $73 billion by 2028.² The online resale sector, in particular, is experiencing rapid acceleration, projected to grow by 17% annually through 2028. In 2023, online clothing resale grew fifteen times faster than the general retail apparel sector, highlighting its dynamic expansion and accessibility for consumers seeking value.² These figures collectively underscore a thriving and accessible environment for consumers to find significant financial advantages.

The financial benefits of choosing secondhand items are not merely anecdotal; they are quantifiable and substantial across various household categories. On average, thrift store shoppers save an impressive $1,760 per year by purchasing pre-owned goods ², with some estimates suggesting families can save up to $1,800 annually.⁴ Generally, secondhand items offer significant savings, often 50% or more compared to buying new.⁵

Specific examples illustrate these savings across different product categories:

• Clothing and Apparel: An individual who spends $1,000 annually on clothing could conservatively save $500 per year by opting for secondhand items. For instance, a designer jacket that retails for $200 new might be found for $20 or less at a thrift store.⁶ Online secondhand apparel shoppers currently spend an estimated average of $655 per year, a figure projected to increase to $788 by 2025.²
• Furniture: Purchasing used furniture can lead to substantial savings, typically ranging from 30% to 75% off the original retail price, with some sources indicating savings of 70% or more.⁷ This can translate into hundreds or even thousands of dollars in savings on home furnishings each year.⁶
• Electronics: While savings can vary based on condition and demand, secondhand electronics often sell for 50% to 70% of their new retail price, particularly for current production items in good working order.⁹ For example, a computer originally priced at $200 might be acquired for $150, representing a 25% saving.¹⁰
• Books, Movies, and Media: Used books can be priced significantly lower than new ones. Books in "like new" condition might sell for 70-75% of retail, "excellent" for 55%, "good" for 40%, and "fair" for 30%.¹¹

These concrete figures provide compelling evidence of the direct financial advantages inherent in secondhand shopping, allowing individuals to clearly visualize the positive impact on their personal budgets.

Potential Annual Savings Through Secondhand Shopping

The financial wisdom of embracing secondhand extends beyond immediate purchase savings, encompassing long-term value retention and the potential for new income streams. New items, particularly significant investments like automobiles, experience rapid depreciation. For instance, most new vehicles lose approximately 20% of their value within the first year alone.¹² By purchasing used, the previous owner has absorbed this initial, steep decline in value, allowing the new owner to retain a higher percentage of their investment should they decide to resell it later.⁸ In fact, choosing used cars could potentially save an individual almost $130,000 over a lifetime compared to consistently buying new ones.¹³

Furthermore, the recommerce market offers a fertile ground for generating supplementary income. The number of eBay sellers, for example, saw a 22% year-over-year increase, indicating a growing trend of individuals utilizing these platforms for financial gain.¹ A survey revealed that 74% of shoppers use online resale platforms to earn extra money, with 60% allocating these earnings towards essential bills and daily expenses. Half of those polled consider reselling a viable side hustle.³ This demonstrates that the secondhand market is not merely a consumer trend but a vital economic mechanism. It provides a flexible and accessible means for individuals to manage expenses, especially during periods of economic pressure, and to create supplementary income streams, thereby fostering personal financial resilience. This approach aligns with principles of resourcefulness and supporting one's household, potentially freeing up resources for other priorities, including charitable giving.

Part 2: The Joyful Journey – Discovering Unexpected Delights

Beyond the tangible financial gains, secondhand shopping offers a unique psychological experience, often described as a genuine "treasure hunt" that brings unexpected happiness and fulfillment. The "rush of discovering an amazing item and an incredible price" is a powerful emotional reward that contributes significantly to overall well-being.¹⁴ As individuals browse through items, their brains release dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward. This neurochemical response transforms a simple shopping trip into an "exhilarating quest".¹⁴ The inherent unpredictability and ever-changing inventory of thrift stores mean that "you never know what you might find," which adds to the allure and excitement of each visit.¹⁴ The time and effort invested in searching for a great deal magnifies the sense of achievement upon finding an extraordinary piece. This phenomenon, known as "effort justification," explains why individuals tend to value thrifted items more than those acquired with less effort.¹⁴ Thrift stores are frequently described as "treasure troves of hidden gems," where the process of finding that "perfect piece" is profoundly rewarding.¹⁵ This highlights the intrinsic enjoyment and mental stimulation derived from thrifting, making it an engaging and fulfilling activity in its own right.

Secondhand shopping also serves as a vibrant canvas for personal expression, fostering individuality and encouraging a conscious departure from mass-produced trends. The act of thrifting is often described as "poetic because it is creative".¹⁴ It actively promotes a philosophy of "quality over quantity," encouraging shoppers to seek "well-made, timeless clothes" that stand the test of time, rather than succumbing to the disposable nature of fast fashion.¹⁴ This approach allows for creative experimentation with diverse fashion trends from various decades, enabling shoppers to "mix and match styles to create a unique look" without the significant financial commitment associated with new clothing.¹⁵ Ultimately, secondhand shopping transcends merely "settling for less"; it empowers individuals to "stand out with distinctive fashion finds" that reflect their unique personality and values.¹⁷

The benefits of thrifting extend beyond personal gratification, actively fostering social bonds and directly contributing to community well-being. A significant social dimension exists within thrifting, facilitating the sharing of finds and tips among like-minded individuals, which cultivates an "increased sense of community and bonding".¹⁴ Resale activities demonstrably foster "deeper connections within local communities," with 63% of shoppers reporting enjoyment from in-person transactions, and over half indicating they have formed new friendships or meaningful connections through these exchanges. Notably, 20% of respondents found that these interactions helped combat feelings of loneliness.³

Beyond these interpersonal connections, thrift stores play a pivotal role in strengthening local economies. In 2020 alone, U.S. thrift stores generated over $17 billion in revenue, creating a ripple effect of financial benefits throughout neighborhoods.⁴ They create jobs and reinvest revenue into vital local programs, including mental health services, literacy initiatives, and homelessness support.⁴ For example, The Salvation Army allocates 95% of its thrift store revenue directly to local programs such as food pantries and addiction recovery services.⁴ This demonstrates the profound social and communal benefits, illustrating how thrifting can build relationships and directly support charitable causes within one's local area.

Thrifting can also serve as a powerful practice for mental well-being, promoting mindfulness and cultivating a healthier relationship with material possessions. It is described as a "great coping skill for our mental health," offering an "amazing place to practice mindfulness" by engaging the five senses and allowing individuals to fully absorb their surroundings.¹⁸ This practice encourages a "mindful approach to consumption," where individuals are "choosing items with purpose," carefully considering their quality, usefulness, and the genuine joy they bring, rather than simply accumulating more possessions.¹⁵ Making responsible, sustainable choices through thrifting is reported to bring "more feelings of happiness".¹⁴ It fosters a focus on "quality over quantity and appreciating the stories behind each piece".¹⁶

The joy derived from secondhand shopping is not merely a fleeting dopamine rush from a bargain. It is deeply rooted in the psychological principle that effort increases perceived value. The "thrill of the hunt" and the inherent unpredictability of thrifting, as described in various accounts ¹⁴, necessitate an investment of time and effort in the search. This investment "magnifies your sense of achievement when you do find an extraordinary piece," a phenomenon known as "effort justification," leading individuals to "value thrifted items more than items purchased with less effort".¹⁴ Beyond the personal effort, thrifted items often "carry memories and tell stories" ¹⁵, fostering a "deeper connection to the items you own".¹⁵ This creates a more meaningful and lasting bond between the owner and their possessions, a stark contrast to the often disposable nature of new, mass-produced goods. This means that secondhand shopping can foster a counter-cultural mindset that prioritizes appreciation and longevity over fleeting trends and constant acquisition.

Part 3: A Confident Christian's Choice – Faith, Finance, and the Planet

At the core of Christian living lies the principle of stewardship—the recognition that all possessions and resources are gifts from God, entrusted to humanity for wise management and for His glory. Christians are called to be "good stewards" or "caretakers" of these resources, utilizing their gifts according to God's will.¹⁹ This foundational understanding is rooted in scripture, with Psalm 24:1 declaring, "The earth is the Lord's and everything in it".²⁰ This encompasses not only financial assets but also time, talents, and all material possessions. Humanity's role, echoing Adam's commission in the Garden of Eden, is to "tend and care for it".²⁰

Biblical stewardship also emphasizes gratitude and contentment. Individuals are encouraged to "be content with what you have" (Hebrews 13:5) and to appreciate what God provides, even "second hand clothing," rather than succumbing to resentment over what others possess.¹⁹ Jesus' teachings frequently cautioned against accumulating "treasures on earth," instead advocating for a focus on "spiritual wealth over material possessions," emphasizing humility and reliance on God's provision (Matthew 6:19-21).²³ These foundational biblical principles position secondhand shopping as a practical and virtuous expression of Christian financial and material stewardship, promoting responsible management and a spirit of contentment.

Secondhand shopping offers a tangible pathway to embody Christian ethics, demonstrating both care for God's creation and compassion for fellow human beings. Ethical consumption, from a Christian perspective, involves making purchasing decisions that actively avoid exploitative labor practices and support sustainable methods, thereby reflecting core Christian values of stewardship and justice.²⁴ It champions the reduction of "unnecessary and frivolous consumption" to alleviate the strain on Earth's finite resources and encourages production processes that "take better care of people and the earth".²⁶

The environmental impact of choosing secondhand is substantial. Purchasing a single used item can reduce its carbon, waste, and water footprints by an impressive 82%.²⁷ Specifically, opting for secondhand clothing can reduce carbon emissions by approximately 25% compared to buying new, saving 8.41 pounds of carbon, 16.48 kWh of energy, and 88.89 gallons of water per item.² The fashion industry alone produces 100 billion clothing items annually, with a staggering 92 million tons ultimately ending up in landfills. Thrifting intervenes in this cycle by giving items a second life, diverting them from landfills, and reducing the demand for new production.⁴

Furthermore, the social justice aspect of secondhand shopping is significant. Many thrift stores reinvest their revenue into vital local programs, such as mental health services, literacy initiatives, and homelessness support, creating a "ripple effect of financial benefits in neighborhoods".⁴ Organizations like The Salvation Army, for instance, direct 95% of their thrift store revenue to community programs.⁴ This directly aligns with the biblical call to "Defend the weak and the fatherless; uphold the cause of the poor and the oppressed" (Psalm 82:3).³⁰ This section powerfully connects secondhand shopping to both environmental stewardship and social justice, illustrating it as a concrete means for Christians to honor God's creation and demonstrate love for their neighbors through their purchasing choices.

The spiritual discipline of simplicity, deeply rooted in Christian tradition, finds a natural and practical expression in secondhand living. Christian simplicity involves a "radical reconsideration" of how individuals manage their time, money, food, and material "stuff," recognizing that these aspects are intricately interwoven with their relationship with God.³¹ It represents a "posture of the heart that prioritizes God above His gifts," calling individuals to "resist pressures" of accumulation and find contentment solely in God.³² Simplicity is described as an "inward reality that results in an outward life-style," offering freedom from obsessive attachment to possessions and external validation.³³ Jesus himself exemplified a simple life, teaching against worrying about material needs and urging followers to "seek first the kingdom of God".²³ This highlights how secondhand shopping can be a practical pathway to living out the spiritual discipline of simplicity, fostering contentment and a focus on eternal rather than earthly treasures.

When individuals choose secondhand items, they are engaging in more than a mere transaction; they are making a profound statement—an act that reflects Christian values in multiple dimensions. This practice serves as a holistic expression of Christian stewardship. It encompasses the responsible management of all resources entrusted by God: financial assets, environmental resources, social connections, and personal attributes like time and talents.¹⁹

Secondhand shopping directly contributes to personal financial savings, which can reduce debt and free up resources for other uses, including generosity. It also creates economic opportunities through side hustles.¹ Environmentally, it profoundly reduces waste, conserves natural resources such as water and energy, and lowers carbon emissions by extending product lifespans and lessening the demand for new production.² This directly embodies "creation care." Socially, many thrift stores support local charities, create jobs, and provide affordable goods for those in need, fostering community welfare and social justice.³ Personally and spiritually, it encourages mindfulness, creativity, contentment, and a detachment from materialism.¹⁴ This aligns with the Christian discipline of simplicity and ethical consumption, which challenges overconsumption and exploitation.²⁴

By engaging in secondhand shopping, an individual is not merely making a pragmatic financial decision. They are actively participating in a practice that simultaneously honors God through wise financial stewardship, cares for His creation, supports their community, cultivates personal virtues like contentment, and resists the prevailing culture of consumerism. This integrated approach elevates the act of buying secondhand into a holistic expression of faith and responsible living, transforming a seemingly mundane activity into an act of worship.

Part 4: Navigating the Secondhand Landscape – Practical Tips for Success

Despite the growing popularity of secondhand shopping, some outdated perceptions and misconceptions continue to persist. However, the reality of the modern recommerce landscape is far more positive and empowering than these myths suggest.

One common misconception is that secondhand items are unfashionable or outdated. In reality, the stigma surrounding secondhand shopping has largely diminished, with 72% of Americans believing it is no longer present.³ It is now widely regarded as a means to "stand out with distinctive fashion finds" and to explore "timeless trends" from various eras, fostering originality rather than adherence to fleeting fast-fashion cycles.¹⁷

Another myth suggests that clothes found in used clothing stores are inherently worn out or of poor quality. The truth is that many items sold in these stores are "gently used and in excellent condition".¹⁷ This phenomenon is partly attributable to the rapid cycles of fast fashion, which lead to a high volume of barely-worn garments being donated. Reputable secondhand stores often implement rigorous inspection processes to ensure the quality of their inventory.¹⁷ Furthermore, vintage pieces, in particular, were frequently constructed with more durable materials and superior craftsmanship, designed for longevity rather than disposability.³⁶

A third common concern is that secondhand items are unhygienic. This notion is largely unfounded, as most secondhand stores adhere to "strict hygienic practices" in both the acceptance and display of items, often cleaning them meticulously before sale.¹⁷ Moreover, it is a simple and widely encouraged practice for shoppers to deep clean any secondhand items before wearing or using them, a process that effectively ensures cleanliness.¹⁷

The widespread acceptance and even admiration for secondhand shopping, with 72% of individuals believing the stigma is gone and 63% admiring those who choose secondhand ³, represents a positive development for both sustainability and personal finance. However, this popularity, particularly among financially capable demographics such as Gen Z and Millennials ¹, carries an unintended consequence: it can "potentially depriv[e] the less privileged of access to quality clothing".³⁶ This creates an ethical tension where personal benefit might inadvertently come at the expense of community equity. While thrifting is beneficial, its very success can, if unmanaged, undermine its original social purpose of providing affordable essentials for those with limited resources. This necessitates a move beyond mere personal gain towards conscious and ethical thrifting. This deeper understanding calls for the adoption of strategies such as "targeted replacements" rather than "bulk buying" ³⁶ and making "mindful donations" ³⁶ to ensure that the secondhand market remains accessible and beneficial for all, especially those who rely on it most.

Smart Shopping Strategies

To maximize the benefits of secondhand shopping, a strategic approach is recommended:

Finding Quality and Value

• Plan Your Trip: Approach secondhand shopping with a clear objective. Determine what items are needed and research which specific stores or types of stores (e.g., specialty vintage shops) are likely to carry those items. Creating a detailed list, or even a visual inspiration board, can help maintain focus and improve the efficiency of the search.⁴¹
• Inspect Carefully: Before making a purchase, thoroughly inspect items for any signs of wear, damage, or alterations. Pay close attention to fabric composition, prioritizing natural fibers like cotton, wool, silk, and linen, while being cautious with synthetics. Examine stitching, seams, and reinforcements for durability. For electronics, always test cords and functions in-store if possible.⁴¹
• Spot Hidden Gems: Cultivate an eye for quality craftsmanship, unique designs, and items made from valuable materials such as brass, marble, onyx, or original art. Look for maker's marks or signatures, which can indicate authenticity and value.⁴⁶
• Timing is Key: The inventory in secondhand stores changes rapidly. Visiting early, especially on sale days or when new donations are typically put out, increases the chances of finding the best items before others. Frequent visits also improve the odds of discovering hidden treasures.⁴¹
• Negotiate Politely: While not all thrift stores allow haggling, it is often acceptable to politely inquire about a lower price, particularly if minor defects are observed or if the item is marked as "best offer." Researching the item's approximate value beforehand can provide leverage, and a willingness to compromise can often lead to a better deal.⁴²

Cleaning and Care

• Always Deep Clean: It is paramount to deep clean all secondhand items before their first use to ensure hygiene.³⁹
• Machine Washable Items: For garments with care labels, follow instructions diligently. Most cotton, sturdy linens, and synthetics can be machine washed using a gentle cycle with warm or cold water. For enhanced sanitization, adding vinegar to the wash cycle, followed by a rewash with detergent, is recommended. Air drying is generally preferred, but machine drying on a low setting is acceptable for suitable fabrics.³⁹
• Delicate Fabrics/Handwashing: For items lacking care labels or made from delicate materials like silk, handwashing is the safest method. Use natural detergents, such as Castile soap, in a basin with a vinegar solution. Gently agitate the item, rinse thoroughly until the water runs clear, and then air dry.³⁹
• Stain Removal: Research specific stain types before treatment, as some methods can worsen certain stains. Natural remedies like baking soda, vinegar, hydrogen peroxide, or lemon can be effective for various blemishes.³⁹
• Furniture Sanitization: To sanitize secondhand furniture, placing it in direct sunlight can help kill bacteria. Baking soda is effective for absorbing odors; it should be worked into upholstery and then vacuumed out. A vodka spray can also assist with lingering smells. For general cleaning, a mixture of water and vinegar is useful, and steam cleaning can provide a deeper cleanse.⁵⁰

Where to Shop

The secondhand market offers a diverse array of shopping venues to suit various preferences:

• Brick-and-Mortar Stores: The U.S. boasts over 25,000 resale, consignment, and non-profit thrift shops.² Exploring local thrift stores, consignment shops, and non-profit resale establishments can yield unique finds. Flea markets are also excellent sources for distinctive items, and specialty thrift stores cater to specific categories like vintage clothing or antique furniture.⁴⁷
• Online Platforms: The online secondhand market is flourishing, with 93% of Americans engaging in online purchases of used items.² Popular platforms include eBay, ThredUp, The RealReal (specializing in luxury items), Poshmark (known for its community-centric approach), Depop (favored by Gen Z for indie fashion), and Vinted (distinguished by no seller fees).⁴⁷ For refurbished electronics, platforms like BackMarket offer reliable options.⁵³

Providing a diverse range of shopping venues ensures that individuals can find options that align with their preferences and local availability.

It is important to acknowledge a critical nuance: simply purchasing secondhand items does not automatically equate to sustainable or ethical consumption if it leads to continued overconsumption. While thrifting is widely promoted as a solution to fast fashion and excessive buying ²⁸, there is still a cost associated with acquiring items that are not truly needed.⁵³ The act of thrifting can be addictive ³⁵, and the lower prices can easily lead to over-buying.²⁸ This unmindful consumption can perpetuate harm by pricing out families who rely on secondhand stores for affordable essentials and by increasing the volume of waste destined for landfills.⁵³ A significant portion of donated clothing, despite good intentions, still ends up in landfills or is exported to other countries, shifting the environmental burden elsewhere.²⁸ True sustainability, as famously articulated, is to "Buy Less, Choose Well, Make it Last".³⁵ This highlights that genuine stewardship and ethical living extend beyond the point of purchase to encompass the entire lifecycle of goods and one's overall consumption habits. The practical tips provided, such as knowing one's needs, targeted replacements, and aiming for a capsule wardrobe ³⁶, are not merely smart shopping techniques but integral components of a truly mindful and responsible lifestyle, ensuring that thrifting remains a blessing for all, not just the individual.

Conclusion: Embrace the Abundance of Secondhand Living

Secondhand shopping is far more than a fleeting trend; it represents a powerful and multifaceted strategy for achieving financial confidence, experiencing profound personal joy, and living in alignment with deeply held values. It offers an "affordable and sustainable alternative" to traditional retail ⁶, cultivating "genuine happiness and fulfillment" through the thrill of discovery.¹⁴ This practice encourages "mindfulness, creativity, and sustainability" in consumption habits.¹⁵

For individuals seeking to integrate their financial decisions with their faith, secondhand shopping provides a compelling pathway. It directly contributes to financial security by offering substantial savings, helping to reduce debt, and even creating income opportunities. Beyond the monetary benefits, the act of thrifting delivers tangible psychological advantages, including excitement, satisfaction, and joy, which contribute to overall personal well-being and fulfillment. Most significantly, secondhand shopping aligns deeply with core Christian principles: it embodies wise stewardship of God's resources, promotes ethical consumption through care for creation and support for communities, and fosters the spiritual discipline of simplicity by cultivating contentment and detachment from materialism.

When these elements converge, secondhand shopping transcends a mere economic transaction. It becomes a holistic practice that nurtures financial prudence, emotional well-being, and spiritual integrity. This integrated approach leads not just to financial confidence, but to a deeper sense of purpose and peace that stems from living in alignment with one's faith and values.

Whether one is new to the world of thrifting or a seasoned treasure hunter, there is always more to discover and more ways to refine this practice. By choosing secondhand, individuals are not merely saving money; they are investing in a more intentional, joyful, and God-honoring life. They are participating in a movement that benefits their wallet, their spirit, their community, and the planet. Embracing this abundance allows for living confidently and responsibly, letting choices reflect the values that truly matter.

Works cited

1. The rise of second-hand shopping and a low-consumption lifestyle | illumin, accessed June 24, 2025, https://illumin.com/insights/blog/second-hand-shopping/
2. Thrifting Statistics (2025): Industry Size, Revenue & Growth Rate, accessed June 24, 2025, https://capitaloneshopping.com/research/thrifting-statistics/
3. 72% of Americans say the stigma around secondhand shopping is ..., accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.oaoa.com/people/72-of-americans-say-the-stigma-around-secondhand-shopping-is-gone/
4. How Thrift Store Shopping Helps Local Communities - City Thrift, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.citythrift.org/how-thrift-store-shopping-helps-local-communities/
5. sustainablestillwatermn.org, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.sustainablestillwatermn.org/post/the-power-of-secondhand-why-thrifting-matters-for-your-wallet-and-the-planet#:~:text=Save%20Money%20While%20Finding%20Hidden,more%20compared%20to%20buying%20new.
6. Thrifting Treasure: How Much Money Can You Save Each ... - Koop, accessed June 24, 2025, https://ilovekoop.com/blogs/news/thrifting-treasure-how-much-money-can-you-save-each-year-by-embracing-secondhand-shopping
7. Can You Really Save Money Buying Used Furniture? The Real Truth!, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.thepondsfarmhouse.com/can-you-really-save-money-buying-used-furniture-the-truth/
8. Is buying used furniture worth the cost savings? - London Property News, accessed June 24, 2025, https://londonlovesproperty.com/is-buying-used-furniture-worth-the-cost-savings/
9. How to determine a fair price for second-hand equipment? - Stargazers Lounge, accessed June 24, 2025, https://stargazerslounge.com/topic/378027-how-to-determine-a-fair-price-for-second-hand-equipment/
10. 3 Ways to Calculate Cost Savings Percentage - wikiHow, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.wikihow.com/Calculate-Cost-Savings-Percentage
11. What to Consider When Pricing Your Used Books - PangoBooks, accessed June 24, 2025, https://pangobooks.com/blog/what-to-consider-when-pricing-your-used-books
12. Buying a New vs. Used Car: Which Is Better? - NerdWallet, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/cars/buy-new-or-used-car
13. New vs. Used Cars: Pros and Cons of Each Option | CarHub North York Chrysler, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.northyorkchrysler.ca/new-vs-used-cars-pros-and-cons-of-each-option/
14. The Psychology of Thrifting: Why Finding a Good Deal Feels So Great, accessed June 24, 2025, https://ultimatethrifting.com/psychology-of-thrifting/
15. The Joy of Thrifting as a Lifestyle - RTF | Rethinking The Future, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/technologies/gp4633-the-joy-of-thrifting-as-a-lifestyle/
16. The Joys of Thrift Shopping - A personal journey, accessed June 24, 2025, https://thriftsuperstore.com/the-joys-of-thrift-shopping/
17. Common Myths About Used Clothing Stores - Daisy Exchange, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.daisyexchange.com/common-myths-about-used-clothing-stores
18. How thrifting helps mental health - Crooked River Counseling Services, accessed June 24, 2025, https://crookedrivercounselingservices.com/how-thrifting-helps-mental-health/
19. 10 Bible Verses About Stewardship of Money - Tithe.ly, accessed June 24, 2025, https://get.tithe.ly/blog/bible-verses-about-stewardship-of-money
20. What Is Christian Stewardship? Learn Core Biblical Principles - Vanco, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.vancopayments.com/egiving/blog/what-is-christian-stewardship
21. Christian stewardship: Is it a bigger deal than we think?, accessed June 24, 2025, https://home.snu.edu/~HCULBERT/steward.htm
22. Biblical Financial Stewardship - Bible.org, accessed June 24, 2025, https://bible.org/book/export/html/17757
23. Rediscovering Christian Simplicity in a Materialistic World - Moore Liberation Theology, accessed June 24, 2025, https://mooreliberationtheology.com/rediscovering-christian-simplicity/
24. Ethical Consumption - Bible Chat, accessed June 24, 2025, https://biblechat.ai/topics/ethical-consumption/
25. Transforming Fast Fashion: Christian Insights on Ethical Consumerism - Abundant Life Church Coffs Harbour, accessed June 24, 2025, https://alc.net.au/transforming-fast-fashion-christian-insights-on-ethical-consumerism/
26. Ethical consumption and the gospel | Hope Channel Australia, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.hopechannel.com/articles/the-bible/scripture/ethical-consumption-and-the-gospel
27. The environmental and social impact of secondhand shopping - ProTecht Blog, accessed June 24, 2025, https://blog.myprotecht.com/the-environmental-and-social-impact-of-secondhand-shopping?hsLang=en-us
28. A sustainable guide to thrifting | Environmental Center - University of Colorado Boulder, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.colorado.edu/ecenter/2023/12/15/sustainable-guide-thrifting
29. Sustainability in Action: How Thrifting Reduces Landfill Waste, accessed June 24, 2025, https://goodwillches.org/2025/how-thrifting-reduces-landfill-waste/
30. Should Shopping Ethically Matter to Christians? - Crosswalk.com, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.crosswalk.com/slideshows/should-shopping-ethically-matter-to-christians.html
31. Where is the Christian Simplicity Movement? - Earth and Altar, accessed June 24, 2025, https://earthandaltarmag.com/posts/where-is-the-christian-simplicity-movement
32. The Power of Simplicity in a Consumer-Driven World - Passion Equip, accessed June 24, 2025, https://passionequip.com/articles/the-power-of-simplicity-in-a-consumer-driven-world
33. The Value of Simplicity - Brewster Baptist Church, accessed June 24, 2025, https://brewsterbaptistchurch.org/the-value-of-simplicity/
34. Reducing and Reusing Basics | US EPA, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.epa.gov/recycle/reducing-and-reusing-basics
35. Is second-hand shopping truly sustainable? - The Oxford Student, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.oxfordstudent.com/2024/01/29/is-second-hand-shopping-truly-sustainable/
36. Breaking The Secondhand Shopping Stigma | EcoBlvd, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.ecoblvd.com/blogs/news/breaking-the-secondhand-shopping-stigma
37. Unraveling the Impact of Thrifting - Earth Day, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.earthday.org/unraveling-the-impact-of-thrifting/
38. The 5 myths about second-hand goods debunked with REASYKL, accessed June 24, 2025, https://reasykl.com/en/blogs/la-seconde-main/les-5-mythes-sur-la-seconde-main-demystifies-avec-reasykl
39. How To Properly Clean And Care For Secondhand Clothing - The ..., accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.thegoodtrade.com/features/how-to-clean-used-clothing/
40. How to Sanitize Thrift Store Clothes Before Wearing - Martha Stewart, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.marthastewart.com/sanitize-thrift-store-clothes-8748523
41. How to Spot Hidden Gems When Shopping Secondhand - The ReUse People, accessed June 24, 2025, https://thereusepeople.org/how-to-spot-hidden-gems-when-shopping-secondhand/
42. Thrift Store Tips: How to Find Hidden Gems and Save Money, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.citythrift.org/how-to-find-hidden-gems-save-money/
43. laurastar.com, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.laurastar.com/ultimate-guide-second-hand-fashion/art201.html#:~:text=Tips%20for%20Finding%20Quality%20Second%2DHand%20Items,-When%20venturing%20into&text=First%2C%20check%20for%20labels%20that,ensure%20they%20are%20well%2Dexecuted.
44. hammoq.com, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.hammoq.com/post/how-to-spot-high-value-items-for-resale-at-thrift-stores#:~:text=Quality%20Check%3A%20In%20reselling%2C%20everything,worth%20the%20cost%20of%20repair.
45. How to Spot Quality Secondhand Clothing: A Guide for Smart ..., accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.laurastar.com/how-to-spot-quality-secondhand-clothing-guide-smart-shoppers/art203.html
46. 8 Valuable Items You Should Never Pass Up At the Thrift Store, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.southernliving.com/valuable-items-at-thrift-store-8715374
47. How to Score Great Deals at Thrift Stores, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.newhorizonsthriftstores.com/blog/score-great-thrift-store-deals-without-losing-your-mind/
48. 5 Tips for Bargaining at Thrift Stores, accessed June 24, 2025, https://havenhousethriftstores.com/blog/5-tips-for-bargaining-at-thrift-stores-2/
49. Learn the Do's and Don'ts of Thrift Store Shopping - Take Charge America, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.takechargeamerica.org/learn-the-dos-and-donts-of-thrift-store-shopping/
50. How to Disinfect Thrift Store Furniture - Molly Maid, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.mollymaid.com/practically-spotless/2017/august/how-to-disinfect-thrift-store-furniture/
51. How to Clean a Used Couch - The Spruce, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.thespruce.com/clean-and-disinfect-used-furniture-2878998
52. How to Find the Best Thrift Stores for Unique Finds - Bafageh Tour and Travel, accessed June 24, 2025, https://bafageh.com/blogs/How-to-Find-the-Best-Thrift-Stores-for-Unique-Finds
53. Secondhand 101 - Center for Biological Diversity, accessed June 24, 2025, https://www.biologicaldiversity.org/programs/population_and_sustainability/sustainability/secondhand_101
54. The Top 7 Best Online Thrift Stores to Shop in 2025 - Retail Merchandiser, accessed June 24, 2025, https://retail-merchandiser.com/news/the-top-7-best-online-thrift-stores-to-shop-in-2025/
55. ShopGoodwill.com: Online Thrift Store For Unique & Vintage Finds, accessed June 24, 2025, https://shopgoodwill.com/